重庆社会科学

乡土志是清末及民国时期各地编修的乡土教材,是清末明初教育改革的产物。乡土教材主要包括历史、地理和格致知识三类。近代乡土教材的特点有:一是注重读者对象,二是加强爱国教育,三是强调语言通俗,四是重视实业教育,五是记述及资料并重。乡土教材的作用体现在三个方面,即对地方适龄儿童的教育作用、对教科书编排的指导作用及对本土知识的保护和传承作用。对我国近代乡土教材的探究。不仅可以提高学生学习兴趣、理解和掌握本土知识,而且可以激发小学生热爱家乡、建设家乡的感情,更好地服务地方经济建设。

As the products for the educational reforms in the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Minguo Dy- nasty,Xiang tuzhi refers to the countryside teaching materials in the end of Qing Dynasty and during the reign of Nationalist Party.Including history,geography and physics,the teaching materials are characterized by:1.emphasis on the readers;2.reinforcement of education of patriotism;3.underlining of local dialects;4.stress on the education of industry;5.equal importance attached to records and materials.Though the adoption of the countryside teaching materials,children of proper age received good education,compilation for other teaching materials was improved; folklore was passed on and protected.The research into the countryside teaching materials can ignite the interest for the study,fuel understanding and mastering of folklore.At the same time,children are excited to love their home- land and make it a better place,and serve well for the economic development.