重庆社会科学

苏联社会主义剧变的原因,必须从体制模式加以分析,才能得出准确的结论。不论是原苏东国家还是中国,体制改革与转型的实践表明:一个社会主义国家的成败、兴衰,归根到底取决于选择的体制模式,以及能否在不同历史时期根据变化了的情况进行正确与及时的改革。1991年底苏联社会主义失败,并不证明社会主义制度已经灭亡,但的确证明社会主义制度必须改革。在20世纪大部分时间通行的社会主义模式并不是唯一可能的模式,随着世纪的更替,新的模式正在促成社会主义的更新。苏联丧失五次重大改革机遇与改革失误,导致问题日积月累,积重难返,最后走向失败。

The causes of the socialist upheaval of Soviet Union should be analyzed from the institutional model, then an accurate conclusion can arrive at. The practice of system reform and transformation in both the former Soviet Union and socialist countries in eastern Europe and China shows that the success or failure of a socialist country depends, in the final analysis, on the choice of institutional model and whether it can carry out correct and timely reform reform in different historical periods. The Soviet socialist failure in late 1991 did not prove that the socialist system was extinct, but it did prove that the socialist system must be reformed. The socialist model, which prevailed for most of the 20 th century, is not the only possible model. As the century changes, the new model is leading to the renewal of socialism. The Soviet Union lost five major reform opportunities and mistakes, which led to the accumulation of problems that could not be easily solved for a long time, and finally caused the failure.