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农民工就业质量提升是实现全体人民共同富裕的重要基础。互联网作为信息时代的重要表征，在促进创业、增加就业、改善民生等方面发挥了重要作用。基于2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据（CFPS），运用内生转换模型（ESR）和工具变量分位数回归模型（IVQR）评估互联网使用对农民工就业质量的影响及其异质性。研究发现，互联网使用能够显著提高农民工就业质量。基于反事实假设，使用互联网农民工若未使用互联网，就业质量将下降22.8%；未使用互联网农民工若使用互联网，就业质量将提升18.3%。异质性分析显示，随着就业质量水平的上升，互联网使用对农民工就业质量的促进作用呈下降趋势，即互联网使用对就业质量较低的农民工就业质量提升效应更强，反映出互联网使用具有显著的“益贫效应”。机制分析表明，互联网使用通过提高职业匹配程度、人力资本水平、社会资本水平提升农民工就业质量。进一步研究发现，基于对不同上网用途的重视程度，互联网使用对农民工就业质量的促进作用具有显著差异。其中，网络对信息获取与学习越重要，促进作用越强；网络对娱乐与社交越重要，促进作用越弱。
Abstract：Improving the employment quality of migrant workers is a key to achieve common prosperity. As an important representation of the information age, the Internet has played an important role in promoting entrepreneurship, increasing employment and improving livelihood.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) in 2020, the article employs endogenous switching regression model(ESR) and instrument varible quantile regression model(IVQR) to explore the impact of Internet use on the employment quality of migrant workers and its heterogeneity. The results show that Internet use can significantly improve the employment quality of migrant workers. Based on the counterfactual hypothesis, if the migrant workers who use the Internet did not use the Internet, their employment quality will decrease by 22.8%, and if the migrant workers who did not use the Internet did use the Internet, their employment quality will increase by18.3%.The heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion of the Internet use on the employment quality of migrant workers shows a downward trend with the increase of employment quality, that is,Internet use has a more obvious impact on improving the employment quality of migrant workers with a lower level of employment quality. The mechanism analysis shows that Internet use can improve the employment quality of migrant workers by improving the degree of job matching,human capital level and social capital level. Further research shows that the promotion effect of Internet use on employment quality of migrant workers is significantly different based on the importance of different Internet usage.Among them, the more important the network is to information acquisition and learning, the stronger the promotion effect; The more important the Internet is for entertainment and social interaction, the less it promotes it.
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(1)农民工是指户籍在农村，年内在本地从事非农产业或外出从业6个月及以上的劳动者。
(1)参考CFPS问卷中的相关问题，互联网对您信息获取、娱乐、社交、学习的重要程度分为5个层次，非常不重要=1，比较不重要=2，一般=3，比较重要=4，非常重要=5.
基本信息:
DOI：10.19631/j.cnki.css.2023.012.004
中图分类号:F323.6;F249.2;F49
引用信息:
[1]马红梅,尚嘉豪,王鹏程.互联网使用对农民工就业质量的影响研究[J].重庆社会科学,2023,No.349(12):49-69.DOI:10.19631/j.cnki.css.2023.012.004.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金项目“共同富裕背景下西南民族地区青年农民工就业质量提升对策研究”（22XSH018）
2023-12-05
2023-12-05
2023-12-05