重庆社会科学

基于农户调研数据,从主观健康感知、客观健康状态以及医疗保障水平三个方面对现阶段农村居民的健康状况进行分析,并在此基础上建立二元选择模型,探讨影响农村居民健康的因素。结果表明:无论从主观感知还是客观指标来看,当前农村居民的健康状况总体上比较理想,但有25%的农村居民长期受慢性病的困扰。多数农村居民生病就会医治,健康行为的选择比较理性。在控制其他因素不变的条件下,就业、已婚、适度忙碌以及所在村每千人拥有的药店数越多的农村居民,健康的概率越大;而外地就业、年龄增长则对农村居民的健康产生了负向影响。此外,饮用水安全与否是当前影响农村居民健康的一个重要人居环境因素。建议有针对性地加强预防和医治慢性病,并加快实施农村饮用水安全巩固提升工程。同时,在完善农村医疗保障体系的同时,做好政策工具与施策对象之间的有效沟通,提高农村居民对相关政策的认知程度。

Based on the survey data of rural residents, this paper analyses the health status of rural residents from three aspects: subjective health perception, objective health status and medical security level. On this basis, a binary selection model is established to explore the main factors affecting rural residents' health. The results show that the health status of rural residents is relatively ideal on the whole,and chronic diseases are the main problem that afflicted 1/5 of rural residents. Most rural residents will be cured when they are ill, and their choice of healthy behavior is rational. Under the condition that other factors remain unchanged, the health probability of the employed, married and moderately busy rural residents increases, while the employment in other places and the increase of age have a negative impact on the health of rural residents. The more drugstores per thousand people in the village, the greater the probability of farmers' health. In addition, the safety of drinking water is an important factor affecting the health of rural residents. The suggestion is that we should strengthen ties between policy tools and policy targets to improve rural residents' awareness of relevant policies while improving the rural medical security system. At the same time, we should strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,and accelerate the implementation of rural drinking water security consolidation and upgrading projects.