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稳定发放现金补贴的再分配政策对农村低收入家庭生活水平的持续改善具有重要的保障作用。通过2017—2021年2.3万户建档立卡的农村低收入家庭数据，以再分配政策的低保补贴为例，运用倾向得分匹配法（PSM）和双重差分倾向得分匹配法（PSM-DID）分析当下低收入家庭从再分配中获得的增收累积效应。研究发现：领取到补贴的低收入家庭比没有领取到补贴的家庭，增收效应提高了14%，剔除不可观测量的影响，增加效应更加明显，达到29.8%，说明最后脱贫的低收入家庭对低保补贴的依赖程度更高，且补贴对于农村低收入家庭的累积效应具有显著的个体异质性特征；并利用相对脱贫变量比较稳定的收入补贴对低收入农村家庭和普通农村家庭的差距缩小的程度。立足农村低收入家庭相对贫困时期的初始禀赋，解读再分配政策的效应，有助于巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果的政策设计。
Abstract：The stable distribution of cash subsidies through redistribution policies plays a crucial safeguarding role in the sustained improvement of living standards for low-income rural households.This study utilizes data from 23,000 registered low-income rural households between 2017 and 2021,taking the subsistence allowance subsidy under redistribution policies as an example, and applies the Propensity Score Matching(PSM) method and the Propensity Score Matching-Difference in Differences(PSM-DID) method to analyze the cumulative income-increasing effects of redistribution on these households. The findings reveal that low-income households receiving subsidies experience a 14%greater income-increasing effect compared to those not receiving subsidies. After eliminating the influence of unobservable factors, the effect becomes even more pronounced, reaching 29.8%. This indicates that households that ultimately escape poverty rely more heavily on subsistence allowances,and the cumulative effect of subsidies exhibits significant individual heterogeneity among low-income rural households. Additionally, the study employs a relative poverty variable to assess the extent to which stable income subsidies narrow the gap between low-income rural households and ordinary rural households. By interpreting the effects of redistribution policies based on the initial endowments of low-income rural households during periods of relative poverty, this research contributes to the design of policies aimed at consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation efforts.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19631/j.cnki.css.2025.006.008
中图分类号:F323.8
引用信息:
[1]黄娟娟,郭春娜,郑云辰.再分配对农村低收入家庭增收的累积效应分析[J].重庆社会科学,2025,No.367(06):118-131.DOI:10.19631/j.cnki.css.2025.006.008.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金一般项目“农业社会化服务推动生产绿色转型的作用机制与路径优化研究”（23BJY169）; 山东社会科学基金一般项目“黄河三角洲生态补偿多主体协同路径研究”（22CGLJ38）
2025-06-30
2025-06-30