重庆社会科学

当前,我国少数民族传统文化保护立法,建构了从国家立法、省级地方立法、设区的市地方立法到政策辅助的多级保护机制。我国现有五个民族自治区在少数民族传统文化保护立法上,根据上位法的规定,制定了相应的法律规范,但是也存在不足,主要体现在:一是立法分散化、碎片化,法制体系不严密;二是设区的市地方立法权行使不充分;三是现有立法对少数民族传统文化的发展促进不足;四是现有立法对少数民族传统文化的知识产权保护不足。针对五个民族自治区立法存在的不足,提出完善立法的建议:一是对"少数民族传统文化"进行科学定义,建立严密的立法保障体系;二是地方立法应当因地制宜,完善配套设计和实施细则;三是完善社会组织对民族传统文化支持体系的规定;四是加强对少数民族传统文化的知识产权保护;五是完善少数民族传统文化保护工作职责体系,健全监督机制和问责机制。

At present, China has constructed a multi-level protection mechanism from national legislation, provincial legislation, municipal legislation with districts to policy-assisted legislation on the protection of traditional culture of ethnic minorities.In terms of legislation on the protection of traditional culture of ethnic minorities, the five ethnic autonomous regions have formulated corresponding legal norms in accordance with the provisions of the superior law, but there are also deficiencies, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects. Firstly, the legislation is characterized by decentralization and fragmentation, and the legal system is not strict.Secondly, the local legislative power of cities divided into districts is not fully exercised.Thirdly, the existing legislation to promote the development of traditional culture of ethnic minorities is insufficient.Fourthly, the existing legislation on the traditional culture of the minority intellectual property protection is inadequate.In view of the above shortcomings, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the legislation.First, we should delinite "traditional culture of ethnic minorities" and establish a strict legislative guarantee system; Second, the local legislation should adapt measures to local conditions, improve the supporting design and implementation rules; We should perfect the social organization to the national traditional culture support system stipulation; Fourth, we will strengthen protection of intellectual property rights in the traditional culture of ethnic minorities.Fifth, we will improve the responsibility system for protecting the traditional culture of ethnic minorities and improve the oversight and accountability mechanisms.